Chapter 9 Quiz:

1. When the roman empire collapsed in the late antiquity, its heritage split into two distinctive regions: Western Europe, where small states – Germanic kingdoms – popped up all over, and Eastern Europe, where roman tradition and unity survived under a single political rule. How do we call the eastern state?

2. During the rule of the Byzantine emperor Constantine, Christianity emerged as the principal religion of the eastern empire. However, there were great theological debates within the religious leaders which, in 1054, resulted in a great schism between:

3. Which of the following statements is true about the brothers Cyril and Methodius?

4. In the West, Carolingians kings united the Germanic tribes for a short period of time, with its peak under the Charlemagne rule. After the death of his son, Louis the Pious, the empire:

5. In the first part of the 8^th century, the Muslims conquered parts of Europe as far as south France, being stopped by franks led by Charles Martel. At the end of the same century, sea riders from Scandinavia, called Vikings, pushed from the north of Europe and eventually settled in Normandy, France. From there they:

6. In feudal Europe, a land granted by kings and lords to “vassals” in exchange for sworn military support is called:

7. Most peasants in western medieval Europe were serfs, that is agricultural laborers bound to a lord’s manor (or estate). Which statement is true about serfs:

8. The Holy Roman Empire formed in 962, was a confederation of states and small principalities under the lead of an elected prince, anointed by the pope, with the declared goal of defending the Christianity against Muslims (see the crusades). When was this Empire finally dissolved?

9. Pope of Rome was and is the lead job in the western Christian church just as the patriarch of Constantinople was/is for the Orthodox church. The popes of Rome wanted more control in political life, which was denied by kings and emperors resulting in periodic conflicts. One of those is called the Investiture controversy and is about:

10. The medieval Europe’s society was mostly rural. However, independent cities rose in Italy and Flanders. As they didn’t have land, they turned to trade and manufacture as a source of income. What was one reasons people wanted to live in a city?